Grounding Mixed-Signal Devices with Low DC in Multilayer PCB Card Cloning

PCB Card CloningLeave a comment

The process of cloning or duplicating an industrial robot controller card involves several technically challenging steps: Multilayer ReconstructionMost controller PCBs are multilayered, with internal signal and power layers that are not visible to the naked eye. Recovering the Gerber file, schematic diagram, and layout drawing often requires destructive techniques like layer-by-layer sanding or X-ray scanning…